Semantic structure

Landmarks are how an extractor tells your content from your chrome.

What it is

<main>, <nav>, <article> and a single <h1> are not decoration. They are the only reliable signal separating the page's subject from its furniture.

Heading levels also carry the document outline — which sections exist, and which belong inside which.

Why an agent cares

Without landmarks, a text extractor takes everything, so your cookie notice, your nav and your footer arrive weighted the same as your product description.

Multiple <h1> elements make the page's actual subject ambiguous at exactly the moment something is trying to work out what it's about.

How to fix it

1. 01Exactly one <h1> per page, describing that page.
2. 02Wrap the real content in <main>; keep navigation inside <nav>.
3. 03Use heading levels in order — don't jump h2 to h4 for the size.

How we test it

We count <h1> elements, all headings, and check for <main> and <nav>.

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